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Planetary Gear Reduction
On the surface, it may seem that gears are being “reduced” in quantity or size, which is partially true. When a rotary machine such as an engine or electric motor needs the output speed reduced and/or torque increased, gears are commonly used to accomplish the desired result. Gear “reduction”...
Gear reduction has the opposite effect on torque. The rotary machine’s output torque is increased by multiplying the torque by the gear ratio, less some efficiency losses.
While in many applications gear reduction reduces speed and increases torque, in other applications gear reduction is used to increase speed and reduce torque. Generators in wind turbines use gear reduction in this manner to convert a relatively slow turbine blade speed to a high speed capable of generating electricity. These applications use gearboxes that are assembled opposite of those in applications that reduce speed and increase torque.
How is gear reduction achieved? Many reducer types are capable of attaining gear reduction including, but not limited to, parallel shaft, planetary and right-angle worm gearboxes. In parallel shaft gearboxes (or reducers), a pinion gear with a certain number of teeth meshes and drives a larger gear with a greater number of teeth. The “reduction” or gear ratio is calculated by dividing the number of teeth on the large gear by the number of teeth on the small gear. For example, if an electric motor drives a 13-tooth pinion gear that meshes with a 65-tooth gear, a reduction of 5:1 is achieved (65 / 13 = 5). If the electric motor speed is 3,450 rpm, the gearbox reduces this speed by five times to 690 rpm. If the motor torque is 10 lb-in, the gearbox increases this torque by a factor of five to 50 lb-in (before subtracting out gearbox efficiency losses).
The gear reduction in a right-angle worm drive is dependent on the number of threads or “starts” on the worm and the number of teeth on the mating worm wheel. If the worm has two starts and the mating worm wheel has 50 teeth, the resulting gear ratio is 25:1 (50 / 2 = 25).
Type | EPX40 | EPX60 | EPX90 | EPX115 | EPX142 | Ratio | Stages | |
Nominal output torqueT2N | Nm | 25 | 66 | 158 | 337 | 950 | 3 | 1 |
27.5 | 71.5 | 172.5 | 360 | 1030 | 4 | |||
23 | 53 | 124 | 300 | 850 | 5 | |||
10 | 26 | 67 | 150 | 510 | 8 | |||
- - | - - | - - | 150 | 510 | 10 | |||
25 | 66 | 158 | 337 | 950 | 9 | 2 | ||
25 | 66 | 158 | 337 | 950 | 12 | |||
25 | 66 | 158 | 337 | 950 | 15 | |||
27.5 | 71.5 | 172.5 | 360 | 1030 | 16 | |||
27.5 | 71.5 | 172.5 | 360 | 1030 | 20 | |||
23 | 53 | 124 | 300 | 850 | 25 | |||
27.5 | 71.5 | 172.5 | 360 | 1030 | 32 | |||
23 | 53 | 124 | 300 | 850 | 40 | |||
10 | 26 | 67 | 150 | 510 |
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25 | 66 | 158 | 337 | 950 | 60 | 3 | ||
27.5 | 71.5 | 172.5 | 360 | 1030 | 80 | |||
27.5 | 71.5 | 172.5 | 360 | 1030 | 100 | |||
25 | 66 | 158 | 337 | 950 | 120 | |||
27.5 | 71.5 | 172.5 | 360 | 1030 | 160 | |||
23 | 53 | 124 | 300 | 850 | 200 | |||
27.5 | 71.5 | 172.5 | 360 | 1030 | 256 | |||
23 | 53 | 124 | 300 | 850 | 320 | |||
10 | 26 | 67 | 150 | 510 | 512 | |||
Emergency stop | Nm | T2Not=2T2N |
Type | EPX40 | EPX60 | EPX90 | EPX115 | EPX142 | Stages | |
Frmax.for10.000h | N | 185 | 240 | 440 | 670 | 1750 | |
Famax.for10.000h | N | 280 | 400 | 650 | 1200 | 2700 | |
Efficiency with full load | % | 96 | 1 | ||||
94 | 2 | ||||||
90 | 3 | ||||||
Average lifetime | h | 20000 | |||||
Weight | Kg | 0.45 | 1 | 2.4 | 5.8 | 15 | 1 |
0.55 | 1.3 | 2.9 | 7.5 | 19 | 2 | ||
0.65 | 1.6 | 3.5 | 9.3 | 23 | 3 |
Banklash | arcmin(分) | EPX40 | EPX60 | EPX90 | EPX115 | EPX142 | Stages | |
precision | <5 | <3 | <3 | <3 | <5 | 1 | ||
criterion | <10 | <8 | <8 | <8 | <10 | 1 | ||
precision | <8 | <5 | <5 | <5 | <8 | 2 | ||
criterion | <12 | <10 | <10 | <10 | <12 | 2 | ||
precision | <10 | <8 | <8 | <8 | <10 | 3 | ||
criterion | <15 | <12 | <12 | <12 | <15 | 3 |
EPX40 | EPX60 | EPX90 | EPX115 | EPX142 | ||
Torsional rigidity | Nm/arcmin | 0.7 | 1.8 | 4.4 | 9.2 | 26.7 |
Noise | dB(A) | 55 | 58 | 60 | 65 | 70 |
Max.input speed | min-1 | 10000 | 8000 | 6000 | 6000 | 6000 |
Advised input speed | min-1 | 4500 | 4000 | 4000 | 3500 | 3000 |