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How an electric motor works Jun 20, 2020

Working principle editing

The principle of motor rotation is based on John Ambrose Fleming's left-hand rule, which states that when a wire is placed in a magnetic field, if current is applied to the wire, the wire cuts the magnetic field line causing the wire to move. An electric current enters the coil to generate a magnetic field. A device that USES the magnetic effect of the current to make an electromagnet rotate continuously within a fixed magnet can convert electrical energy into mechanical energy. Interaction with a permanent magnet or a magnetic field generated by another set of coils creates a dynamic DC motor based on the principle that the stator is stationary and the rotor moves in the direction of the forces generated by the interaction. Ac motor is the stator winding coil on the alternating current, generate a rotating magnetic field, rotating magnetic field to attract rotor for rotating motion dc motor basic structure includes "armature", "field magnet", "collector ring", "brush".

Armature: A soft core that can be wound around an axis with multiple coils. Field magnet: A strong permanent magnet or electromagnet that produces a magnetic field. Collector ring: A converter that is connected to two semicircular rings at both ends of the coil and rotates with the coil to change the direction of current. Every half turn (180 degrees) changes the direction of the current on the coil. Brush: Usually made of carbon, the collector ring contacts a fixed position brush to connect to a power supply.